ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILE OF NOSOCOMIAL URINARY TRACT PATHOGENS IN SURGICAL PATIENTS OF AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPIAL, SHIKA-ZARIA, NIGERIA
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- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Urinary tract infections is one of the common infectious diseases diagnosed both in community and hospital settings. Due to rising antibiotic resistance among the uropathogens, it is important to have (local) community and hospital-based knowledge of the organisms implicated and their susceptibility pattern to choose correct treatment regime. This study was conceived with the objective to investigate the causative organisms, theirantimicrobial susceptibility profile, and molecular characters of resistant isolates of UTI in the Surgical Wards of ABUTH Shika with a view to its effective management and control. This study was carried out in the Surgical Wards of ABUTH Shika between January and June 2014. A total of 182 urine samples of patients on admission who passed the inclusion criteria and consented to participate in the study were cultured aerobically. All isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques and their antibiotic susceptibility was examined by disk diffusion method. Of the 182 samples examined, 107 (58.8%) showed significant growth. The positive culture of UTI was more among the females (67.9%) than the males (51.9%). The predominant age group was 21-30 while the age group with the least infection was 0-10. In this study, E.coli wasthe predominant isolate constituting 48.6%, followed by Staphylococcus spp(21.5%), Pseudomonas spp(15.9%), klebsiella spp (9.3%), Proteus spp(2.8%) and Candida spp(1.9%) was the least encountered isolate. UTIs were associated with urinary catheters in 26 (63.4%) of the cases. Of thecatheterized patients who showed positive UTI, those who had catheter for more than 3 days were found to be more likely to acquire nosocomial UTIs. All the microorganisms were susceptible to amikacin, imipenem and gentamicin and resistant to amoxicillin. E. coli and Staphylococcussppwere observed to be very susceptibility to amikacin, followed by imipenem and gentamicin. vii Escherichiacoli was resistant to amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole and ofloxacin while Staphylococcussppshowed resistance to amoxicillin and ofloxacin.Pseudomonassppwere sensitive to amikacin, imipenem and ciprofloxacin but displayed resistance to amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, and cotrimoxazole.Klebsiella spp were susceptible to all antibiotics except amoxicillin. Proteus spp also displayed susceptibility to most of the tested antibiotics but showed resistance to amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin. Twelve (66.6%) of the 18 MAR isolates were found to be β-lactamase producers, implying that most of the bacterial species isolated developed resistance to the antibiotics as a result of βlactamase production. Most of the isolates that producedβ-lactamase were also found to harbor 1- 2 plasmids. Comparison of plasmid sizes and numbers showed that some of the isolates had plasmid band of same number and sizes which indicates that they are likely of the same origin.
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